Orissan temple architecture pdf

There are substantial differences in temple architecture in different parts of india and south asia. Hindu temple architecture, apart from being a place of worship, are also the cradle of knowledge, art and culture. Temples in odisha orissa, odisha orissa temples, temples. Orissa are muktesvara temple, rajaranitemple and the lingaraja temple. In ancient indian texts, a temple is a place for tirtha pilgrimage. Parashurameshvara temple has a vimana, the sanctum, and a bada, the curvilinear spire over its roof, rising to a height of 40. The history of orissan art and architecture is corelated with her early history which. Pdf orissan temple assessment through geometry researchgate. For example, the part of the temple that contains the shrine is called a deul in orissa, but a vimana everywhere else. It was a major seafaring region that controlled and traded with most of the sea routes in the bay of bengal. The concentration of the indian temples in general are divided the largest number of temples all over the state into three categories based on their geographical has made it a centre of unique attraction for the location and peculiar features scholars, indologists, tourists and others. The temple of lingaraja is highly revered by the followers of hinduism. Temple architecture in odisha evolved over a long period of time. Shape and geometrical study of fractal cosmology through orissan temple architecture.

Pdf shape and geometrical study of fractal cosmology. Temples like mukteswar temple, rajarani temple, sun temple konark, puri jagannath temple and many more sing the saga of this self. As the name chitrakarini reflects, this is a temple of female. Orissan temple architecture,traditional temple architecture. Iconography of the buddhist sculpture of orissa vol. From the source, pen and ink drawing of a sculpture that is part of the processional chariot pulled by horses from the surya temple at konarak in orissa, from an album of 37 drawings 43 folios of sculpture at jajpur, puri, bezwada and sitanagar made during a journey from bengal through orissa to the coromandel coast, dated 1815. The jagannath temple, one of the four holiest places dhamas of hinduism, 1 in the coastal town of puri in odisha.

The lingaraj temple at bhubaneswar boasts of a 150 foot high deul while the jagannath temple at puri is about 200 feet high and it dominates the. The taller the temple, the more such hollow chambers were needed. The mukteswara temple belonging to the 19th century ad. They not only insured structural stability within the corbeling system but also provided hidden chambers in which the most esoteric rites of the temple were performed. Stipulated architectural principles with ample provision for artistic improvisation enabled the progressive generations. Temple is a building or construction for hindu religious practices and. The brahmesvara temple is a panchyatana temple securely dated by an inscription, to about 1060 a. Structurally, mandir temple marked the transition of hinduism from the vedic sacrifices to a religion of bhakti or love and devotion to a community or personal deity. The present temple was built in the 12 th century ad. About the book the present book on the iconography of the buddhist sculpture of orissa utilizes the authors expertise of orissan brahmanical art to develop a similar consistent and reliable iconographic and stylistic evolution for the buddhist arts of orissa and its adherence to, or deviation from, surviving textual iconographic peculiarities. Orissas history dates back to the days of the mahabharata. Under dravidian architecture, we have also seen the comparison between pallava and chola architecture.

That is, about a hundred years or so after the small temples we just learnt about in sanchi and udaigiri. Architecture the temple is constructed in a stunning design of colossal chariot with twentyfour wheels drawn towards the dawn by seven galloping horses which gives the impression of carrying sun god across heaven. Jagannath temple, puri wikimedia the architecture of the jagannath temple follows the pattern of many orissan temples of the ancient period. It is the first temple to have an additional structure called jagamohana, compared to the earlier temples that had only the vimana. Temple architecture south india pdf download culture notes. However, the tower was destroyed in an attack in 1568. Simplified schema of a kalinga architecture temple the lingaraja temple, a revered pilgrimage center and the culminating result of the architectural tradition at bhubaneswar, sixth century ad. This crowning piece of orissan architecture and sculpture, built in the th century a. Goddess chitrakarini is being worshipped in this temple as major deity. It was constructed from oxidized and weathered ferruginous sandstone by king narasimhadeva i 12381250 ce of the eastern ganga dynasty. Somavamsis and gangas inspired the orissan architects to carry on the spirit of creating their own style of architectural. The great temple of lingaraja 11th century at bhubaneswar is the quintessence of odisha architecture with all the features of temple architecture fully developed and perfectly executed, it is undoubted one of the most finished temples in india. In the last article, we have seen the broad outline of temple architecture styles in india nagara, dravida and vesara and chola architecture in particular. A low enclosure wall embellished with sculptured niches surrounds it.

The orissa temples have their own distinct style which gradually evolved into a more elaborate plan, highly decorative plastic figures and taller sikharas. The temple was ornately decorated often even to the dark shrine rooms lighted only by flickering oil lamps. It has 24 large wheels, 12 on each side, representing 12 months of a year. This temple is one of the earliest temples of the kalinga architecture, though the temple is disproportionate in its structure. Pdf there are so many studies and analysis has done on orissan temple architecture but still some parts are hidden. The orissan temple architecture holds an appeal that is magnetic and almost stupefying in its extravagance and mobility. The concentration of the indian temples in general are divided.

This is a temple in which the central shrine is surrounded by four small shrines in the four corners of the compound. Sun temple introduction konark sun temple is build in thcentury ce at konark in odisha, india. This is how temple architecture in odisha flourished to its mature phase with evolutions of its plan, evolution of its elements and evolution of its built form and shape. Kalinga style of architecture temples of orissa architecture. In this post, let us see the chalukya architecuture in detail. Evolution of temple, hindu temple, kalinga architecture, odishan style, plan. Influence of vernacular architecture in evolution of temple. Though broadly they come under the northern or nagara style, they have certain special features which are uniquely their own. The temple is entered through an elaborately ornamented takaratorana that forms. Simplified schema of a kalinga architecture temple. Pdf orissan temple architecture and vastu purusha mandala. Exactly a century later started the construction of jagannath temple with the final product of orissan architects that was the temple of konark. Only a portion of the sun temple at konark, the largest of the temples of the golden triangle exists today, and it is still staggering in size.

Kishakeshwari temple of goddess chamunda is a 7th or 8th century temple located in khiching in the mayurbhanj district of odisha. Then comes the mukateswara temple regarded as a gem of orissan architecture. Doc evolution of temple architecture in orissa laxmi. Pdf this paper focuses on the study of the orissan hindu temple in a different way. Exactly a century later started the construction of jagannath temple with the final product of orissan architectsthat is the temple of konark. The word deula in oriya language means a building structure built with a particular style that is seen in most of the temples from odisha. Chalukyan architecture is a combination of nagara and dravida and hence. It was built by a local bhanja ruler, whose capital was khiching. Pdf taking into account many orissan temple forms are based on fractal forms and geometrical appearance. The temple is an example of orissan architecture of ganga. The temple forms the focal point for all aspects of life in the hindu community religious, cultural, educational and social batchelor, 1997.

Jagamohana the mandapa or entrance hall of an orissan temple. A visual glossary of hindu architecture ancient history. Out of the three styles of temple architecture found in india like nagara, dravida and vesara, odisha has followed the nagara with a distinctive. It consists primarily of temples with pyramid shaped towers and are constructed of sandstone, soapstone or granite. It stands out as a masterpiece in orissan architecture. Orissan temple architecture and vastu purusha mandala for evolution process. Temple architecture and sculpture 73 established that this temple was built in the early sixth century ce. As so often in sacred architecture, the form is perfectly suited to its purpose.

Ideavy cornices, strong pillars wide in proportion to their height and the broad base of the sikhar or tower give to indian temple architecture a feeling of strength and solidity. The muktesvara temple the muktesvara temple is regarded as a gem of orissan architecture. The magnificent konark temple depicts the climax of this period, of odishan style. The walls of this magnificent ruin have exquisite sculptures covering many aspects of. A deula is an element in a hindu temple in the local style of odisha temple in eastern india. These seven horses which pulls the temple eastwards represents the days of the week. Konark orissan architecture and sculpture puriwaves. In order to meet the growing need of the rituals the natamandap dancing hall and the bhog. The orissan temple architecture ranging from 7th to th century a. Temples in odisha are based on certain fundamental principles of stability and take their cue from the human body. The brahmeswar temple 11th century characteristic continuation of the drissan style.

Mar 28, 2015 history lingaraj temple is dedicated to lord shiva, who is considered as the destroyer as per the hindu thoughts lingaraj temple is believed to be the oldest and largest temple of bhubaneshwar, it is more than 1100 years old. The indian temple architecture depicts clearly their evolution, following the. The temple architecture reached its maturity with lingaraj temple. The temple structure is full of excellent carvings and lovely pieces of sculpture and is a fine specimen of kalinga style of architecture. Dec 19, 2016 a visual glossary of hindu architecture. Their unique representations are called kalingan style of temple architecture. At 200 meters, the sun temple was the highest than any temple in india. Parts of an orissan temple east india art and archaeology. Temple architecture south india pdf download culture notes dravidian architecture was an architectural idiom that emerged in the southern part of the indian subcontinent or south india. Mar 06, 2010 the orissan temple architecture ranging from 7th to th century a. A deula is an element in a hindu temple in the local style of odisha temple in eastern india sometimes the whole temple is called deula. History of evolution of temple architecture in odiaha history of.